Vaginal cancer, although less common than other forms of cancer of the female reproductive system, requires attention to prevention and early detection. Colposcopy and regular gynecological examinations can help identify precancerous conditions or early stages of the disease, offering the possibility of more effective treatment. Information about risk factors, such as HPV infections, and promotion of vaccination are important steps towards prevention. In case of diagnosis, modern therapeutic approaches offer hope for minimally invasive and effective treatments.